11th Dalai Lama
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| Khedrup Gyatso | |
| 11th Dalai Lama of Tibet | |
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| Reign | 1844 – 1856 |
| Tibetan | མཁས་གྲུབ་རྒྱ་མཚོ |
| Wylie translit. | mkhas grub rgya mtsho |
| Pronunciation | IPA: [kʰɛʈʂup catsʰɔ] |
| transcription (PRC) | Kaizhub Gyaco |
| THDL | Kedrup Gyatsho |
| other transcriptions | Khedrub Gyatso, Khedrup Gyatso |
| Born | November 1, 1838 |
| Died | January 31, 1856 (aged 17) |
| Place of death | Lhasa, Tibet |
| Predecessor | Tsultrim Gyatso, 10th Dalai Lama |
| Successor | Trinley Gyatso, 12th Dalai Lama |
| Royal House | Dalai Lama |
Khedrup Gyatso was born on 1 November 1838 at Gathar (Gar-tar) in Kham Minyak to Tsetan Dhondup and Yungdrung Bhuti.[1] He died in the Potala Palace, Lhasa, Tibet on January 31, 1856). He was the 11th Dalai Lama of Tibet.
He was recognised as the Eleventh Dalai Lama in 1840, having come from the same village as Kelzang Gyatso, the seventh Dalai Lama, had in 1708. In 1841 the seventh Panchen Lama, Palden Tenpai Nyima, gave him the pre-novice ordination, cut his hair and gave him the name Khedrup Gyatso.[1]
In 1842, he was enthroned in the Potala Palace and, in 1846, at the age of eleven, he took the novice vows of monkhood from Fourth Panchen Lama.[2]
He was enthroned on May 25, 1842 and assumed full power on the request of his government on March 1, 1855. However, he died less than one year later, thus becoming the third successive Dalai Lama who died at too young an age to consolidate his power.
- "During the period of the short-lived Dalai Lamas—from the Ninth to the Twelfth incarnations—the Panchen was the lama of the hour, filling the void left by the four Dalai Lamas who died in their youth."[3]
He wrote a book of moralistic stanzas, Story of the Monkeys and Birds (Bya sprel gyi gtam-rgyud). It is an allegory of the war at the end of the 18th century between the Tibetans and the Gurkhas ('birds' and 'monkeys' respectively).[4]
During the life of Khedrup Gyatso, wars over Ladakh weakened the lamas' power over the Tibetan Plateau and the Opium Wars and Taiping Rebellion simultaneously weakened Chinese influence on Tibet. This was to pave the way for efforts under the following Dalai Lama to seal Tibet off even more firmly from Western colonial influence which was seen as a threat to Tibetan culture and the power of the lamas.
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ a b "The Eleventh Dalai Lama KHEDRUP GYATSO"
- ^ Khetsun Sangpo Rinpoche. (1982). "Life and times of the Eighth to Twelfth Dalai Lamas." The Tibet Journal. Vol. VII Nos. 1 & 2. Spring/Summer 1982, p. 50.
- ^ The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation, p. 175. Glenn H. Mullin. Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, New Mexico. ISBN 1-57416-092-3.
- ^ Stein, R. A. (1972) Tibetan Civilization, p. 269. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-0806-1 (cloth); ISBN 0-8047-0901-7 (pbk)
[edit] Further reading
- Mullin, Glenn H. (2001). The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation, pp. 361–367. Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, New Mexico. ISBN 1-57416-092-3.
| Buddhist titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Tsultrim Gyatso |
Dalai Lama 1840–1856 |
Succeeded by Trinley Gyatso |
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