Auchenorrhyncha

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Cicadas, leafhoppers, etc
Red-banded leafhopper, Graphocephala coccinea
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Hemiptera Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Infraorders
Cicadomorpha Fulgoromorpha

The Auchenorrhyncha is the suborder of the Hemiptera which contains most of the familiar members of what was called the Homoptera - groups such as cicadas, leafhoppers, treehoppers, planthoppers, and spittlebugs. The aphids and scale insects are the other well-known "Homoptera", and they are in the suborder Sternorrhyncha. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders. It is also common for Auchenorrhyncha to produce either audible sounds or substrate vibrations as a form of communication.

Contents 1 Classification 2 Notes 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Classification

There has been a fair bit of debate and uncertainty as to whether the Auchenorrhyncha is a monophyletic group or not; some authors, believing it was not, split it into two suborders, the Clypeorrhyncha (= Cicadomorpha) and the Archaeorrhyncha (= Fulgoromorpha). In the last 10 years there has been evidence to support this interpretation, and the most recent research indicates that the Auchenorrhyncha are indeed a paraphyletic lineage.

A classification of the Auchenorrhyncha is as follows:^[1]

• Infraorder Cicadomorpha (Clypeorrhyncha, Clypeata)
  • Superfamily Cercopoidea (spittlebugs, froghoppers)
    • Aphrophoridae
    • Cercopidae
    • Clastopteridae
    • Machaerotidae
  • Superfamily Cicadoidea (cicadas)
    • Cicadidae (Platypediidae, Plautillidae, Tettigadidae, Tibicinidae)
    • Tettigarctidae (hairy cicadas)
  • Superfamily Membracoidea (Cicadelloidea)
    • Aetalionidae (Biturritiidae)
    • Cicadellidae (Eurymelidae, Hylicidae, Ledridae, Ulopidae,leafhoppers)
    • Melizoderidae
    • Membracidae (Nicomiidae, treehoppers)
    • Myerslopiidae (Cicadellidae, in part)
• Infraorder Fulgoromorpha (Archaeorrhyncha, planthoppers)
  • Superfamily Fulgoroidea
    • Acanaloniidae
    • Achilidae
    • Achilixiidae
    • Cixiidae
    • Delphacidae
    • Derbidae
    • Dictyopharidae
    • Eurybrachidae
    • Flatidae
    • Fulgoridae (lanternflies)
    • Gengidae
    • Hypochthonellidae
    • Issidae
    • Kinnaridae
    • Lophopidae
    • Meenoplidae
    • Nogodinidae
    • Ricaniidae
    • Tettigometridae
    • Tropiduchidae

[edit] Notes

[edit] References

• Sorensen J.T., Campbell B.C., Gill R.J., Steffen-Campbell J.D., 1995. Non-monophyly of Auchenorrhyncha ("Homoptera"), based upon 18S rDNA phylogeny: eco-evolutionary and cladistic implications with pre-Heteropteroidea Hemiptera (s.l.) and a proposal for new monophyletic suborders. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 71 (1): 31-60

[edit] External links

• Bibliography of the Auchenorrhyncha of Central Europe