Voiced alveolar affricate

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The voiced alveolar affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is d͡z (previously ʣ) , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is dz.

IPA – number	103 (132)
IPA – text	d͡z
IPA – image
Entity	ʣ
X-SAMPA	dz
Kirshenbaum	dz
Sound sample (help·info)

Contents 1 Features 2 Occurrence 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography

[edit] Features

Features of the voiced alveolar affricate:

• Its manner of articulation is sibilant affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then directing it through a groove in the tongue and over the sharp edge of the teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
• Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal.
• Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the center of the tongue, rather than the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

[edit] Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Abkhaz		апшʒa	[ˈapʂd͡za]	'beautiful'	See Abkhaz phonology
Albanian		xehe	[d͡zɛhɛ]	'mineral'
Armenian	Eastern	ձյուն	[d͡zʏn]	'snow'
	Western	ծակ	[d͡zɑg]	'hole'
Azerbaijani	some Western dialects	example needed	--	--	corresponds to /ʤ/ and/or /ɟ/ in other dialects.
Catalan[1]		utilitzar	[utiliˈdza]	'to use'	See Catalan phonology
French	Quebec	samedi	[samˈd͡zi]	'Saturday'	See Quebec French phonology
Georgian[2]		ძვალი	[d͡zvɑli]	'bone'
Hungarian		bodza	[bod͡zːɒ]	'elderberry'	See Hungarian phonology
Italian[3]		zero	[ˈd̪͡z̪ɛːɾo]	'zero'	<z> may also represent /ts/. See Italian phonology
Iu Mien		nzoc	[d͡zò]	'drum'
Japanese		水/mizu	[mʲiˈd͡zɯ]	'water'	Some speakers. See Japanese phonology
Kabardian		дзы	[d͡zɪ]	'to throw'
Kabyle		Lz̗ayer	[ld͡zajər]	'Algeria'
Macedonian		ѕвезда	[ˈd͡zvɛzda]	'star'
Ngwe	Nwametaw dialect	[mə̀d͡zə̀]		'path'
Occitan	Rhodanien Provençal	joine	[ˈd͡zujne]	'young'
Pashto		پنځه	[pind͡zə]	'five'
Polish[4]		dzwon	[d͡zvɔn] (help·info)	'bell'	See Polish phonology
Northern Qiang		?	[ɣd͡zə]	'rabbit'
Russian		плацдарм	[plɐd͡zˈdarm]	'bridge-head'	Allophone of /t͡s/ before voiced consonants. See Russian phonology
Slovak		sadzba	[sad͡zba]	'tariff'
Ubykh		[məˈd͡za]		'light'	See Ubykh phonology

[edit] See also

• List of phonetics topics

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Hualde, José (1992), Catalan, Routledge, ISBN 0415054982
• Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103-107
• Rogers, Derek & Luciana d'Arcangeli (2004), "Italian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (1): 117-121
• Shosted, Ryan K. & Chikovani Vakhtang (2006), "Standard Georgian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36 (2): 255-264

v • d • e Consonants List · Table Pulmonics Bila​bial Labio​d. Den​tal Alv. Post. Retro​fl. Pal​a​tal Ve​lar Uvu​lar Pha​ryn. Epi​glot​t. Glot​tal Non-pulmonics and other symbols [edit • talk] Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ  Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ  Impl.  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ Fricatives ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ  Eject.  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ Approxim. ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ  Affr.  p̪͡f t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɬ d͡ɮ Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Other laterals  ɺ • ɫ Flaps / taps ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ ɽ • • Co-art. fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ • • • Co-art. approxim.  ʍ w ɥ Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m This table contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible. See also IPA · Vowels